NEW STEP BY STEP MAP FOR - LITHIUM NIOBATE CRYSTAL

In 1993 Kuz’minov and Osiko pointed out which the ‘disturbance�?of stoichiometry in LN crystals is generally due to lack of oxygen in Nb2O5, used for a raw product First soften (Czochralski technique) [186]. Appropriately, determined by its manufacturing technology, niobium pentoxide can adopt a wide range of compositions Nb2O5−x. Consequen